深厚覆盖层上混凝土防渗墙服役性能分析

【目的】研究混凝土面板砂砾石坝防渗墙的应力变形及实际防渗效果,为高寒地区深厚覆盖层类似工程的设计与施工提供依据。【方法】以青海省纳子峡混凝土面板砂砾石坝为研究对象,在防渗墙施工及运行初期(2012-05-2018-01)对其进行应力监测、变形监测、渗流监测,对所得监测数据进行统计分析,进而评价防渗墙的实际工作状态。【结果】纳子峡混凝土面板砂砾石坝防渗墙各测点应力及变形表现稳定,在施工期防渗墙钢筋的应力变化因受地面施工等因素影响主要承受拉应力,且向上游侧倾斜;在水库运行期间(2014-09-2018-01),墙体受到来自上游的水压力,主要承受压应力,且向下游侧倾斜;布置在墙体上游侧的渗压计渗透压力远大于下游侧各测点,表明防渗墙防渗效果良好,渗透压力受测孔孔内水位影响,且随库水位表现出一定的周期性变化规律,库水位每抬升(或下降)1 m,墙体下游侧各测点渗透压力增加(或减小)约0.6 kPa。【结论】纳子峡大坝混凝土防渗墙在其施工及运行初期应力变形较为稳定,防渗效果良好,能为大坝的安全提供保障。     

钢支撑代替混凝土支撑可行性分析

在地铁深基坑施工中，围护结构对基坑的安全起着至关重要的作用。本文依据合肥地铁一号线明光路站，施工过程中，由于车站3号出入口为出土口，原计划的第一道钢筋混凝土支撑无法实现，更改为钢支撑，通过有限元分析软件MIDAS-GTS\NX，建立二维模型进行数值模拟，对围护结构的变形和地表沉降进行分析，结果表明：第一道支撑采用钢支撑代替钢筋混凝土支撑对围护结构的侧移值影响不大，钢筋混凝土支撑控制地表沉降的效果要比钢支撑好，对今后类似工程变更提供依据。     

温度和盐度对吉富品系尼罗罗非鱼受精率和孵化率的联合影响

采用中心复合设计和响应曲面方法研究了温度(T,℃)和盐度(S)对吉富品系尼罗罗非鱼人工受精率(FR,％)和孵化率(HR,％)的综合影响.设定的温度范围为20～34,盐度范围为0～18.建立了温度、盐度与受精和孵化之间关系的定量模型,并通过分析明确了温度与盐度的最优组合.结果表明,吉富罗非鱼在温度与盐度较高或较低范围内受精率与孵化率都处于较低水平.温度和盐度的一次与二次效应对受精与孵化均有极显著的影响(P＜0.01).温度与盐度二者间协同效应不显著(P＞0.05).建立了吉富罗非鱼受精率与孵化率的多项式方程,复相关系数分别达到了0.957 8和0.960 1 (P＜0.01),可以用于预测吉富罗非鱼的受精率和孵化率.利用统计优化技术明确,在温度27.14℃,盐度8.95时,罗非鱼最佳的受精率为80.8％,孵化率为77.63％.本研究旨在考察温度与盐度同时变化对吉富罗非鱼受精率与孵化率的影响,探讨最佳温度－盐度组合以增加吉富罗非鱼苗种产量.     

Preparation of Adjuvant Diluent for Live Vaccine against Classical Swine Fever and Evaluation of its Immune Effects

The aim of this study was to develop a novel oil-in-water (O/W) emulsion as adjuvant diluents (AD) for live vaccine against classical swine fever (CSF) that could effectively enhance the immune effect of vaccine.The AD was prepared by high-pressure homogenization technique.Formulations and preparation parameters were optimized with response surface design.Its stability, particle size, polydispersity (PDI) and Zeta potential were characterized.The humoral immune response and cellular immune response of the AD were evaluated with BALB/c mice by intramuscular injection.The particle size of the AD prepared by optimized formulation and parameters was 100.4 nm, PDI was 0.147, and Zeta potential was —28.7 mV.The experiment results showed that the AD had good stability.The AD was inoculated combined with live vaccine against CSF into BALB/c mice by intramuscular injection.The results showed that the live vaccine against CSF specific immune responses could be evoked in mice by co-inoculation with AD and vaccine.The cellular immune response levels in co-inoculated groups were significantly higher than control group (P<0.05), with obvious phenomena of higher levels of IFN-γ, IL-6 and IL-4 in serum.The result revealed that cellular immune capability significantly improved with the AD.The results strongly revealed that cellular immune capability significantly improved by introducing AD for effective immune-adjuvant for live vaccine against CSF.     

超声波辅助溶剂法提取金线莲总黄酮工艺优化

旨在研究金线莲总黄酮的最佳提取工艺条件。采用超声波辅助溶剂法,在单因素实验的基础上,采用响应面法优化了金线莲总黄酮的提取工艺。结果表明:当金线莲颗粒度为100目、乙醇体积分数为40%、料液比为1:40(mg:m L)、超声波功率为250 W、超声波时间为30 min时,所得金线莲总黄酮提取率为2.13%。超声波辅助溶剂法强化了金线莲总黄酮的提取效果。     

美味牛肝菌中油脂提取工艺的研究

采用超声波辅助法提取美味牛肝菌中的油脂，在单因素（提取时间、液料比和温度）实验考察的基础上，以油脂提取率为指标，通过响应面法对美味牛肝菌油脂的提取工艺进行优化。实验结果表明：响应面回归模型显著，拟合性好，可用于预测油脂提取率；优化后的油脂提取工艺为：液料比34.2 mL/g，温度36℃，提取时间4.5 h，此条件下油脂提取率为3.54826 %，与模型预测值相符，表明优化的油脂提取工艺合理。     

基于响应面法和NSGA-II算法的麦弗逊悬架优化

应用响应面法和经过改进的非支配排序遗传算法(NSGA-II)进行悬架结构参数优化.在ADAMS/Insight软件中进行设计参数的灵敏度分析，针对灵敏度较大的设计参数，建立车轮定位参数在车轮跳动过程中最大变化量的2阶响应面近似数学模型对该模型进行稳定性分析，并且应用加入精英保持策略和去除重复个体算法的NSGA-II优化算法对多目标响应面模型进行优化求解.优化结果表明该方法具有较高的精确性与有效性.     

Impact of winter‐to‐spring environmental variability along the Kuroshio jet on the recruitment of Japanese sardine (Sardinops melanostictus)

Winter‐to‐spring variability in sea surface temperature (SST) and mixed layer depth (MLD) around the Kuroshio current system and its relationship to the survival rate (ln [recruit per spawning stock biomass], LNRPS) of Japanese sardine (Sardinops melanostictus) were investigated based on a correlation analysis of data from 1980 to 1995. The data were from a high‐resolution ocean general circulation model using the ‘Kuroshio axis coordinates’, in which the meridional positions are relocated to a latitude relative to the Kuroshio axis at each longitude, rather than the geographically fixed coordinates. A significant positive (negative) correlation between LNRPS and winter MLD (winter–spring SST) was detected near the Kuroshio axis from areas south of Japan (where eggs are spawned) to the Kuroshio Extension (where larvae are transported). This result is in contrast to previous studies using geographically fixed coordinates, which showed a significant correlation predominantly in the area south of the Kuroshio Extension in winter, where at this time few larvae have been found. From the late 1980s to early 1990s, when the survival rate was remarkably low, MLD around the axis was shallow and SST was high. Although MLD and SST show a significant correlation, significant partial correlations were also observed between February MLD and LNRPS when the contribution of SST was excluded, and between March SST and LNRPS when the contribution of MLD was excluded. We presume that MLD shoaling reduced the nutrient supply from deep layers, resulting in less productivity in the spring, and SST warming could have a negative influence on larval growth.     

木工平刨床安全事故浅析

以木工平刨伤手为顶上事件,利用事故树法进行评价,提出有针对性的预防措施,对安全生产可起到积极的作用。